There are two types of ADAS calibration - static and dynamic. Static Calibration (in-shop) 1) The vehicle thrust line is established through a variety of tools (usually with built-in laser projectors) and manual measuring methods. (The thrust line compares the direction that the rear axle is aimed at, with the centerline of the vehicle. It also confirms if the rear axle is parallel to its front axle and that the wheelbase on both sides of the vehicle is the same). 2) Aiming targets are positioned precisely in relation to the thrust line and sensors. This involves specific heights and distances and specialized adjustable mounting stands. 3) The sensors are mechanically levelled, with the horizontal aim of the sensor being adjusted. This requires the vehicle to be perfectly level, preferably on an alignment rack. 4) The sensor's aim is analysed with a scan tool, which will give instructions for adjusting the radar sensor if necessary. Following this static calibration process, a test drive is recommended which will ensure that no DNCs (diagnostic trouble codes) are generated. Some vehicles may need a follow-up dynamic calibration. Dynamic Calibration (on-road) On-road calibration is the method generally used for camera sensors, while radar sensors will need this process following static calibration. Dynamic calibration starts with a scan tool, followed by a test drive on a relatively straight road with clear lane markings. The vehicle is driven at specified speeds until the scan tool says the calibration is complete.

ADAS sensors can be disturbed in different conditions, the most obvious being a collision where an airbag, for example, can deploy and deflect off a windscreen. However, a vehicle does not have to be involved in a collision or accident for sensors to require calibration or adjustment - anything that can affect the suspension of a car so that it requires a wheel alignment (tracking) adjustment has the potential to affect ADAS sensors. Simply driving over a pothole or hitting a kerb stone hard can knock a car's suspension out of line, leading to the sensors possibly requiring adjustment, and with the RAC reporting a 20% rise in the number of breakdowns caused by potholes in the last three months of 2019, it is easy to see why ADAS calibration is becoming more necessary, more frequently.

Repairs to a roof/sunroof with sensor brackets mounted to it; Windscreen replacement; Suspension repairs; A DTC (diagnostic trouble code).